First, practice : the nature and importance of practice -- Accumulate knowledge : U.S. education subverts mastered knowledge -- Practice requires effort : the essential place of focused effort -- Effort in the inner venue : connect learning to effort inside the mind -- Practice by explaining : the central role of explaining learning -- Developing a mental field : what comprehension looks like inside -- Practice saves prior learning : the cycle of deepening mastery -- Practice behavioral knowledge : knowing as the first step to doing -- Students talk meaning : how to help students express what's important -- Practice on substantial topics : weigh fundamental issues -- Score the results objectively : how scoring can energize learning -- More ways to use scoring : tracking progress on many fronts -- Practice for performance : the motivational spur from performing -- The high school vise : working around limitations -- Seven steps to turn a class around : key levers for a distracted class.